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Child labour in Bangladesh is common, with 4.7 million or 12.6% of children aged below 14 in the work force.〔(Child labour in Bangladesh ) UNICEF〕 Out of the child labourers engaged in the work force, 83% are employed in rural areas and 17% are employed in urban areas. Employment ranges from jobs in the formal sector, such as the garment industry, and jobs in the informal sector such as agriculture and domestic service. In 2006, Bangladesh passed a Labour Law setting the minimum legal age for employment as 14.〔 Nevertheless, the enforcement of such labour laws is virtually impossible in Bangladesh because 93% of child labourers are employed in the informal sector such as small factories and workshops, on the street, in home-based businesses and domestic employment.〔(Bangladesh - Child Labour ) UNICEF〕 Despite the prevalence of child labour in Bangladesh, there has been an increase in legislation against child labour.〔 Bangladesh has ratified both the Minimum Age Convention(C138) of the International Labour Organization(ILO), and the ILO Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention(C182). In addition, the country also ratified the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. == Definitions == The definition of child labour varies depending on region, culture, organization, and government. The Western perspective portrays childhood as a carefree stage of life in which a person does not possess the capacity to be an adult. Although there is no universal definition for child labour, various organizations have defined child labour and its parameters. The International Labour Organization's (ILO) Minimum Age Convention 138 states that at age 12 a child is allowed to light work in non-hazardous situations and at age 15 a child is allowed to enter the work force.〔 The ILO defines child labour as "work that exceeds a minimum number of hours, depending on the age of a child and on the type of work."〔 The ILO also has three categories pertaining to children in work: economically active children, child labour, and hazardous work. Children can be categorised as economically active if they are involved in work outside of school or the home at least one hour once every seven days. Children can be categorised as performing child labour if they are under the age of 12 or performing hazardous work. Children are categorised as performing hazardous work if they are involved in activities that may harm their physical, mental, or developmental health or safety.〔International Labour Organization. (2006). ''The end of child labour: Within reach''. Retrieved from http://www.ilo.org/public/english/standards/relm/ilc/ilc95/pdf/rep-i-b.pdf〕 The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) defines child labour as any activity that affects a child's health and education. Its definition also states that child labour is work that leads to deprivation of childhood activities, exploitation and abuse.〔 The International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour (IPEC) defines employment and economically active children as "paid and unpaid work in the formal and nonformal sectors of rural and urban areas." This definition excludes children working in their own households.〔 The Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics considers children aged 5–14 who work for one or more hours (per week) in both paid and unpaid settings to be child workers. For children older than 10, any economic activity is considered a form a child labour. This includes work both inside and outside of the household setting.〔Salmon, C. (2005). Child Labor in Bangladesh: Are Children the Last Economic Resource of the Household?. ''Journal of Developing Societies'', ''21''(1-2), 33-54. 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Child labour in Bangladesh」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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